Pumping for the masses: evolution of groundwater management in metropolitan Los Angeles

Geo Journal (Springer) | August 7th, 2015

Groundwater supports many aspects of human life. In cities, groundwater can provide a cost-effective source of water for drinking and industrial uses, while groundwater b

Groundwater supports many aspects of human life. In cities, groundwater can provide a cost-effective source of water for drinking and industrial uses, while groundwater basins provide storage. The role of groundwater in a city’s water supply tends to change over time. In the Los Angeles metropolitan area, groundwater is critical. Over decades, users in the region’s many basins allocated annual pumping rights to groundwater among users through adjudications. These rights were determined through collective processes over decades, which contributed to the complex array of public and private organizations involved in water management. The rights also continue to evolve. We analyzed changes in the distribution of groundwater rights over time for adjudicated basins in Southern Los Angeles County. Results indicate that groundwater rights are increasingly: (1) controlled or regulated by public institutions and municipalities, and (2) consolidated among larger users. Yet, both the percentage of total supplies provided by groundwater, as well as the distribution of groundwater rights, varies widely among cities and communities throughout Los Angeles. As metropolitan Los Angeles faces reduced water imports and emphasizes local water reliance, access to pumping rights and storage capacity in groundwater basins will become even more vital. We discuss implications of our results for future urban water management.

Regional Governance of Flood Management in the Central Valley

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | May 30th, 2014

California faces significant challenges in managing its highly variable water resources, particularly as climate change and a growing population exacerbate drought and fl

California faces significant challenges in managing its highly variable water resources, particularly as climate change and a growing population exacerbate drought and flood risks.  The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) and other state agencies have been encouraging integrated approaches to water management, taking into account the connections between water supply, water quality, flood protection, and ecosystem health. The recent California Water Action Plan calls for improved coordination between local, state and federal agencies and tribal governments in order to develop multi-­benefit water management strategies. Regional-­scale planning has become a crucial avenue for advancing these efforts. Initiated in 2002, the Integrated Regional Water Management Planning (IRWM) process has led to the formation of 48 water planning regions statewide, in which diverse local agencies have developed integrated plans for managing all aspects of a region’s water management. More recently, a Regional Flood Management Planning (RFMP) process was created in the context of the Central Valley Flood Protection Plan to advance integrated approaches to reducing flood risks. Six flood planning regions, overlapping with nine IRWM regions, were formed in 2012. This study analyzes the origins and functioning of the IRWM and RFMP processes, and the degree of coordination between them to address flood risks in the Central Valley. In particular, it examines how each is working to generate multi-­benefit strategies, and how they account for climate change. It also discusses opportunities for future coordination between the IRWM and RFMP processes, and DWR’s role in supporting this. This study is primarily based upon an analysis of publicly available documents related to the IRWM and RFMP processes. It is also informed by meeting observations and conversations with staff at DWR and the Central Valley Flood Protection Board, and participants in IRWM and RFMP processes. Since RFMPs were not yet completed at the time of this writing, this study’s findings are preliminary. Nonetheless, this report provides an indication of the overall functioning of these RFMP and IRWM regions, and some general considerations for DWR as it assesses next steps in supporting these programs.

Report on an Integrated Regional Water Management Plan for the San Joaquin Valley of California

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) | May 1st, 2016

A major investment has been made through California voter-approved general obligation bonds to incentivize regional water infrastructure and management solutions that imp

A major investment has been made through California voter-approved general obligation bonds to incentivize regional water infrastructure and management solutions that improve self-sufficiency, reduce water use impacts and support environmental protection and restoration. The program, put into California water statutes in 2002, and managed by the California State Department of Water Resources (DWR), is called Integrated Regional Water Management Planning (IRWMP). This planning tool, along with other water management strategies, actions and activities that have emerged, were ultimately intended to be elevated to an aggregate effort for the entire San Joaquin Valley into a Valley-wide integrated water plan. The aggregate effort was included as a goal in federal legislation (PL 111-11, Section 10101). The legislation included funding for the California Water Institute (CWI) at California State University, Fresno to prepare a report on the Valley-wide activities.

Santa Ana Watershed Basin Study

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) | September 1st, 2013

The U.S. Department of the Interior’s WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America’s Resources for Tomorrow) program allows all bureaus of the Department to collaboratively

The U.S. Department of the Interior’s WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America’s Resources for Tomorrow) program allows all bureaus of the Department to collaboratively work with States, Tribes, local governments, and non-governmental organizations to pursue a sustainable water supply for the Nation. This is done through a framework that provides federal leadership and assistance on the efficient use of water, and by integrating water and energy policies to support the sustainable use of all natural resources. Basin Studies, one of the tools of this program, are basin-wide efforts to evaluate and address the impacts of climate change, and define options for meeting future water demands in river basins in the western United States where imbalances in water supply and demand exist or are projected. The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and the Santa Ana Watershed Project Authority (SAWPA) partnered in the WaterSMART Santa Ana Watershed Basin Study (Study). The work done under the Study was used to help SAWPA update its One Water One Watershed (OWOW) Plan. OWOW is an Integrated Regional Water Management Plan (IRWMP) for the Santa Ana River Watershed (SARW) that serves as the blueprint for SAWPA, its member agencies and key stakeholders to effectively manage water resources over the next 30 years. The Santa Ana Watershed Basin Study illustrates how effective collaboration can improve water management. This Study takes a crest-to-coast and corner-to-corner approach throughout a 2,400-square-mile watershed, which encompasses everything from beach to mountain communities, to address the area’s unique water resource challenges. The SARW is home to more than 6 million people, and tens of millions more people visit the area each year. The region also has a large manufacturing, industrial, and agricultural base. More than 350 water, wastewater, and groundwater management, flood control, environmental and other non-governmental organizations, are working together as partners with SAWPA on the OWOW Plan. Through the Basin Study Program, Reclamation is partnering with SAWPA and its stakeholders to update key components of the Plan, now known as OWOW 2.0.  

Securing Color River Supplies - An Urban-Agriculture Partnership in the Palo Verde Valley

Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) | March 16th, 2022

Stakeholder Perspectives: Recommendations for Sustaining and Strengthening Integrated Regional Water Management

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | ?

Integrated regional water management (IRWM) is the application of integrated water management principles at the regional level. IRWM brings local agencies and other stak

Integrated regional water management (IRWM) is the application of integrated water management principles at the regional level. IRWM brings local agencies and other stakeholders, with a range of water-related roles and interests, together to address water management needs collaboratively within self-identified regions accepted by the State. The practice of IRWM is rooted in the principle of regional control, recognizing that local and regional water managers and other stakeholders, working together in a collaborative, open, and transparent manner, are best suited and best positioned to manage water resources in their regions. Issues including limited groundwater and surface water supplies, drought, flooding, climate change, water quality, environmental degradation, aging infrastructure, economic constraints, recreation, and cultural considerations are addressed through coordinated and integrated actions.

Strategic Plan for the Future of Integrated Regional Water Management in California

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | April 24th, 2013

Integrated regional water management (IRWM) was officially embraced by the State of California in 2002 with the passage of the Integrated Regional Water Management Planni

Integrated regional water management (IRWM) was officially embraced by the State of California in 2002 with the passage of the Integrated Regional Water Management Planning Act (SB 1672). Thanks to voter-approved bond funds, California has since made profound improvements in water resource management. The Department of Water Resources (DWR) has supported IRWM with grants and technical services to regional water management groups (RWMGs) statewide. Forty-eight RWMGs now cover 87% of the state’s geographic area and 99% of the population. The names and locations of individual IRWM regions and RWMGs, along with other information, can be found at www.water.ca.gov/irwm/grants/fundingarea.cfm. DWR is developing the Strategic Plan for the Future of IRWM in California. The need for the strategic plan and the specific tasks that will be completed for the plan’s development are described herein. Information on how groups and individuals can be involved in the plan’s development are also included.

Strategic Plan for the Future of Integrated Regional Water Management in California: Review of IRWM Planning and Implementation in California

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | February 20th, 2015

Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) has become a water management standard throughout most of California following passage of the 2002 IRWM Planning Act (SB 1672)

Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) has become a water management standard throughout most of California following passage of the 2002 IRWM Planning Act (SB 1672). The dedicated efforts of regional water management groups and the support of state bond funds have resulted in 48 IRWM regions identifying and implementing integrated regional water management solutions to improve public safety, foster environmental stewardship, and support economic stability throughout the state. Under the principles of IRWM, individuals and agencies have built strong working relationships, identified regional water management needs, and defined crucial steps to meet those needs together.  IRWM is essential for California's future and is a key part of the California Water Action Plan. As the Department of Water Resources works with its partners to produce a Strategic Plan for the Future of IRWM in California (Strategic Plan), we have surveyed the IRWM landscape to identify key characteristics and trends in IRWM planning and implementation. Survey results were presented to stakeholders at the second round of Strategic Plan development workshops in October and November 2013 and subsequently updated to reflect IRWM planning and implementation efforts as of October 2014. These updated results, along with additional information, are presented in this technical memorandum. Please visit the Strategic Plan website at http://www.water.ca.gov/irwm/stratplan/ to learn more about the Strategic Plan development effort. For more information about the California Water Action Plan, please visit http://resources.ca.gov/docs/california_water_action_plan/ Final_California_Water_Action_Plan.pdf.

Systems Analysis and Optimization of Local Water Supplies in Los Angeles

American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) | September 1st, 2017

Los Angeles, which relies on large infrastructure systems that import water over hundreds of miles, faces a future of reduced imports. Within Los Angeles and its hund

Los Angeles, which relies on large infrastructure systems that import water over hundreds of miles, faces a future of reduced imports. Within Los Angeles and its hundreds of water agencies, the capacity to adapt to future changes is influenced by laws, institutions, and hydrogeology. This paper presents a systems analysis of urban water management in metropolitan Los Angeles County to assess opportunities for increasing local water reliance. A network flow model was developed to investigate management tradeoffs across engineered, social, and environmental systems. With an aggressive regional demand target, increased stormwater capture (300%), and prioritized water reuse from existing facilities, imported water supplies can be cut by 30% while maintaining landscapes, economic productivity, and groundwater resources. Further reducing imports (by 40–50%) is possible through actions to promote additional reuse, recharge, conservation, and groundwater access. Reducing imported water without significant conservation results in likely groundwater overdraft. Fragmented networks of agencies in Los Angeles create an uneven landscape of vulnerability to water shortages. The paper discusses model applications, research needs, and policy implications of results for dry-climate cities.

Testimony of Mark Cowin at Little Hoover Commission on Integrated Regional Water Management

Little Hoover Commission | September 24th, 2009

As the Little Hoover Commission evaluates California’s water governance structure and forms recommendations for improving coordination, efficiency, transparency, and ac

As the Little Hoover Commission evaluates California’s water governance structure and forms recommendations for improving coordination, efficiency, transparency, and accountability, it will be valuable to consider the role of Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM). IRWM is the application of broader Integrated Water Management principles on a regional basis. IRWM integrates local agency responses to regional resource management issues and facilitates compliance with State laws and policies. Over the past decade, IRWM efforts have emerged across California as some local governments and agencies sought a path forward from long, debilitating law suits and many others responded to financial incentives offered by the State. As a consequence, many local governments and agencies are working more closely on a regional basis and better integrating their resource management decisions. This typically results in both more efficient and sustainable water management plans and better representation and transparency in water management decisions.